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Oil and gas is a very important sector in the global industry. This fluid can be transferred from one place to another with the help of pipelines. These pipelines play a significant role in global safety also. If pipelines are not well maintained, they may fail with potentially significant consequences that could have severe, long-term, and irreversible impacts on both natural and human environments.O&G pipeline officials are facing challenges in developing and implementing cost-effective and proactive maintenance policies, selection criteria, and solution models. Effective maintenance policies became more significant due to the increasing demand for system availability, lack of human resources, financial constraints, climate change, stringent environmental regulations, and system aging. The scope of the review primarily focuses on inspection and maintenance policies of O&G pipelines.
The outlines in the review of inspection can be categorized into the following i) outline, in support of the subject, a general review of maintenance policies for industrial and infrastructure assets to evaluate their applicability for oil and gas pipelines; ii) conduct a state-of-the-art review of maintenance policies of O&G pipelines to investigate their practicality, advantages, and limitations; and iii) identify uncertainties affecting the decision making process for maintenance of O&G pipelines and highlight less addressed issues to improve the existing practices.
The pipelines can be found in the land and also through the water bodies. To undergo the inspection by a human provides a hazardous scenario for the person as well as it consumes a lot of time. The main scope of inspection applications is to help ensure the safety, integrity, and reliability of plant items such as pressure vessels, boilers, heat exchangers, pipework, and pipelines. The inspection of concrete structures is part of plant life assessment since these materials often form an important part of the construction of such plant items. The failure of concrete structures presents a risk in itself and may contribute to the consequent failure of other plant items.
A significant number of SPM hawser problems are caused by cutting and abrasion. Very often the damage can occur during un‐boxing, loading on supply vessels, or during actual deployment. It also happens frequently when there is not even a vessel at the berth and the. The rope is floating freely in the water or is in a secured position to the offshore loading tower.
Submerged Cable Inspection
Submerged Pipeline Inspection
Pipeline Survey